Car seat



Ap 7, 1953 w. R. BATTLES 2,633,895

CAR SEAT Filed March 27, 1948 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 F A V V f/IG INVENTOR. WILLIS R. BATTLES ATTORNEY April 7, 1953 Filed March 27; 1948 FIG. 3.

Sheets-Sheet 2 "Vfi 75B 1;, -7sc 23 2 12/ 38 89 W FIG. 4

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a9 66' 2 7 I o o o o o o o o o o o 0 o g o o 0 oi o' o E :o ja LL 1 a 23 0 68 r" 5 2 7 0 O O O O O o O O O o A L O o O 0 O] Q l v A I 5/ Ev 59 INVENTOR. FIG. 6. 2 52 WILL/S R. BATTLES ATTORNEY April 7,1953 w. R. BATTLES 5 59 CAR SEAT .Filed March 27, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 v v" "Ev ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 7, 1953 NITED TSTATEES PATENT OFFICE QAiR SEAT :IWillis R. Battles, Rationale Beach, ,Gali f ,asslgnor :to .flaii rn a flatb ompany, L95 .An s. .Qaliii, a corporation of California Application March27, 1948, Serial No. 17,560

This invention relates to convertible vehicle 4 eats and more =particu1arly to automobile seats "which function as a conventional seat and also maybe easily andquickly eonvertedto form-a bed in the automobile.

It is an object of my invention to provide a highly simplified seat framework which is adapted to replaoethe existing front seat framework in substantially any make of automobile, and to suppertthe conventional seat cushions in pivotai relationship so as 'to permit use thereof as a-seat and also-asabed inthe :vehicle. In a (lo-pending application Serial No. "782320, filed October "27, 194:7, by Willis R. Battlesand Ralph A. Battles, such a seat structure, particularly adapted ioruseinsedansis described. The-present invention is directed 'to a front seat of the type described particularly for use in clubcoups two door sedans. These latter car models require a front seat, the back of which maybe rotated forwardlyto'permit -ingress to and egress from the back seat. Preferably,the-bacl; of such a 5.883 is l videdcentrally so as to permit independent forward rotation of each side :of the-"upright cushion 'member.

A feature of the present-invention aside from "the utility of the structure both as -a bed and as a seat, is the possible completeiindependence of the two sides of the seat. Thus in oneembodiment the drivers side and the passengers side may be independently adjusted with respect to "their positions in the automobilegmade up into a bed or'sopositioned as to permit reclining infilt mediate the upright and prone'positions. :Thus on trips, etC-,thepassengers-side of the seatmay be adjusted to form a bed while the backseat-of erm ne s ed al track unn nain-t di ecti n of ithe longitud nal axi 'n -th veh q e- The. fcrwardpart-cf thefnam worknarries anlu- :rality :of rollers .over which :cushion su-pporting runners are mounted. Twozhorizontallydispnsed cushions mounted on'the runners and:longitudi ,naliy -..slideable therewith form ;the*bottom acushienslof the seat. Two back "rest cushions' pro- :vided .at' each end with downwardly projecting caineshaped :runners completefthewseat structure.

The camshapedrunnersrtravel iniseparateitracks tot ithez-framewerkand are-rigidly:.mountedrto: the

'7 claims. (on. 15,597

back rest cushions pivotally mounted to the rear edge of the sea cu hion- A part of the track en a n u ia of he carnmed runners is, curved on a radius from the :point of pivotal mounting to permit rotation of the back :rest cushions h us a c pa vely wide angle .without alte ng h e cal level of :the seat .cushiqn. A ton -set pgrii n in thenc .riphery of the camserves to elevate :the back edge of the seat cush qn when 1 1 P 19 rest is 11 mm? to ahorizonta zn siii vbeh nsi t e s at ushion. Spring' loaded catch me n r fin eg b w t -;.the separate cams toreleasab ly hold the back, seat cushion in the vertical-position or at one or more intermediate angles of inclination. The catch xmeansare.so a soc ated w th ihla am ha .when .heluintnevertieal nas ii n h backr t cush Qns are lindependently free to pivotforwardly to perrnit access tothe beck s atpf t e vehi but are lied nompivotiue i a wa d y pas th comt le ridiuezpo ition byih fla-tmme mfrhe invention will be mer clea y n ers ood .from the following, detailed d eseri ption taken in relation --to .thelaccompeny ne drawings in which:

1Eie- -1 iaa rearleleva icn o ass m led-seat;

F 2 is a partial side elevation t ken 9. th :1ine 2r-2 of Fig.1;

Fig. 3 :is .a .side elevationshowin th l zelatiqn- .shipof front seat to the back s a an {th meanslof forming ed-therewith;

Fig. .4 .isra :plan .viewtaken on the .line Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is asectiondefined by the area 5. of Big};

-Fig.=-6 isa sectional elevation takenon the-line 66 of Fig.4;

Fig. 7 is-apartialrearelevation of arnodiiica- -tion of the seat of the invention partifiularly adapted .for use .in cars having elevated drive shaft tunnels therein; l

Fig. :8 is a detailed sectional elevation of one meansof-meunting the seat cushion toone ofcillle runners; t

Fig. 9 i-s a seetionalelevation showing an alternative 'meansiof. mounting .a seat-cushion :to the runners. V

10 is .a .partial rear elevation 1 of .an alternative sea-t structure wherein :the cammed .run- :ners :are not=visible from the sides iofrthetseali;

Fig. lliis a partial-planiviewottheseatcushiun in the-embodimentoftFig. =10; and

Fi-gplfl is a sectional elevationliaken on 1th? line 21- 12 of FigfilO.

Referring .to the drawing and particularly .to Figs.f1,=2 and 3, theseat structure will of the invenhands-shown mounted tote fioor 3 t2 30f amonvenrubber bushing 44.

tional automobile. The seat I6 comprises conventional back rest cushions I3, I4 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 in a substantially vertical position and the conventional seat cushions I5, I6 supported as shown in Fig. 2 in a substantially horizontal position.

A supporting framework I8 is mounted to the floor I2 of the automobile on a plurality of channel bushings I9, 20, etc. The framework I8 comprises a rear transverse angle iron 22 and a front transverse angle iron 23 supporting four transversely spaced longitudinal angle irons 25, 26, 21 and 28, which form a plurality of longitudinal tracks. A transverse strap 30 is supported across the front of the plurality of tracks and supports a number of rollers depending therefrom. Mounted across the upper face of the strap 30 are a plurality of brackets 32, 33, 34, 35, etc.,

grouped in pairs and having upwardly projecting I oppositely facing flanges.

Depending from the strap beneath each of the brackets are a pair of bolts such as the bolts 38, 39 projecting through the bracket 34 and extending beneath the strap 30. (See Fig. 6.) A cleat 40 is supported on the lower ends of the bolts 38, 39 forming a housing for one end of an axle 4| of a roller 42. To eliminate metal to metal contact the axle 4| is provided with a The opposite end of the axle 4| is housed in a similar cleat arrangement extending from beneath the strap 36 directly beneath the flange 35. In like manner the roller 46 is mounted adjacent the track 25 and the rollers 41, 4B are mounted adjacent the tracks 21, 28 respectively.

Each of the seat cushions I5, I6 is supported on a pair of straps or runners providing the front support for the cushions. Thus the cushion I6 is supported on straps 50, and the cushion I5 on the straps 52, 53. As shown in Fig. 2 the cushion I6 is mounted to the strap 56 by turnbuckles 56, 51, and to the strap 5| by the turnbuckles 58, 59 (Fig. 6). The cushion I5 is mounted in like manner to the straps 52, and 53. Each of the cushion supporting straps are prevented from lateral motion by enclosure between one of the pair of oppositely facing flanges mounted on the transverse member 39. Thus the strap 56 passes between the flanges 32, 33 the strap 5| passes between the flanges 34, 35 and 'so on. Vertical displacement of the seat supporting straps 50, 5| is prevented by a rod 62 journaled through the flanges 32, 33, 34, 35 and the cushion supporting straps 52, 53 are similarly held within their associated flanges.

The rod 62, which overlies the straps 5|], 5| and thereby prevents the whole seat structure from tipping backwardly, carries a depending pin 64 spaced between the flanges 32, 33 and a second depending pin 66 spaced between the flanges 34, 35.

When in the vertical position the pins 64, 66 extend into one of a plurality of longitudinally spaced holes 68, 69 'in the members 50, 5| respectively. In this position of the pins the seat cushion is locked with respect to forward or backward shift in the automobile. The rod 62 is provided at its outer end with a handle and is spring loaded against clockwise rotation (with reference to Fig. 4) by tolerance being sufficient to permit rotation of 4 the pins out of the holes by depression of the handle 10. When the seat has been adjusted as desired it may be locked in the adjusted position by releasing the handle 10.

Each of the back cushions carries a cam projecting at either side from the lower edge thereof. Thus referring to Fig. l the cams 12, 13 extend from the lower edge f the cushion I3 at opposite sides thereof. Similarly the cams 14, 15 extend from the cushion I4. As shown in Fig. 2, the cam 15 is rigidly afiixed to the lower end of the cushion I4 by the bolts 16, 11, 18 and is also provided with a plurality of additional bolt holes 19, 86, 8|, 82 in which the bolts 16, and 18 may be inserted permitting the seat I4 to be pivoted about the bolt 11 to change the normal angle of inclination thereof.

The lower end of the cam 15 which is identical with each of the other earns 12, 13, 14 has a straight forward edge 15A, a curvilinear trailing edge 15B and a curvilinear lower edge 150. A

radial shoulder 84 joins the edges 15B and 15C.

The lower edge 15C is curved on a radius about point 86 at which the lower end of the cam is pivotally aflixed to a bracket 88 mounted on the bottom board 93 of the seat cushion I6.

-' A spring loaded catch 92 is mounted to the rear end of the cushion bottom board 99 with the latch 33 in position to engage the shoulder 84. Catches 94, 95, and 96 are similarly associated with each of the cams I2, 13, 14 respectively. The adjoining pairs of catches, i. e. the catches 92, and 96 associated with the cams 15 and 14 respectively depending from the cushion I4 are connected by the pull chains 91, 98 passing through a centrally depending eyelet 99 through a single pull chain I 0|] passing through an eyelet I62 depending from the bottom of the seat cushion I6 and adjacent the outer edge thereof. A ring I33 afiixed to the end of the chain I may be pulled to release the catches 92 and 96. A similar arrangement permits independent operation of the latches 94, 95.

Each of the back cushions I3, I4 is provided with a pair of legs pivotally mounted thereto adjacent its upper edge. Each of the legs, as shown in Fig. 5, comprises a foot I06 on the end of a threaded shank I91. The shank I01 is threaded into the end of an internally threaded tube I08 which is pivotally mounted to the back member I09 at IID. When the back cushion is in the upright position the leg rests within a receptacle III formed in the back member. When the seat back is pivoted to the horizontal position the leg falls downwardly to support the cushion off the floor in the manner of the leg 4 depending from the cushion I4 in Fig. 3.

Conveniently a slip cover or the like encloses the back cushion member and is provided with a zipper opening for each of the depending legs. Thus in Fig. 1 the cushion I4 has a seat cover II6 having the zippered openings III and H8 enclosing the legs.

Although the back rest cushions, as illustrated in the drawings, are each provided with two legs, this is not necessary. One leg centrally located with respect to the sides of the cushion will support the cushion, when in the horizontal position, entirely satisfactorily.

The manipulation of the seat structure while in the ridin position is simple. Thus the elevation and tilt on the horizontal cushions I5, I6

are controllable by adjustment of the turnbuckles 56, 51, etc. One of these turnbuckles, say 56, is shown in detail in partial sectional view of Fig. 8.

The turnbuckle 55*, which is identical to the other turnbuckles employed,- comprises a bolt Hi2 rigidly cleated to 'the seat bottom= 9B and a sec-' ond bolt I22 rigidly affikecl to the seat supporting member 50. A threaded sleeve- I24 is threaded onto the adjoining ends of thetwo bolts. Rotatiori of the sleeve, which is providedwithleft a nd right hand threads at opposite ends; causes the bolts to be drawn together or forced a art de' pending upon the direction ofrotation thereof.

An alternative seat mounting means is shown in the earner sectional elevation of Fig; '9'- and" includes a: single stud or bolt I"26i'igidly mounted to the seatsupporting member say the member at and journaled through a sleeve :21- in thebottomiiflof the'seat'. .1'n this embodiment a sleeve I21 is threadedthrough a pair of annular bosses I28, I29" affixed. to the upper and under surfaces respectively of the member 90. A spring loaded plunger I32 is journaled through the" endof the member 911 in alignment with a hole in the side of; the sleeve; I2'I"so as to be inse'r'table in a: hole I33 traversing the stud I26. A plurality of such transvise'hole's in the stud I26 provides alternanve. points of location of the member 90 with respect thereto. An upper stop member I34 and a. lower stop member I35 limit the travel of the sleeve- I21 on the stud. These various adjust: able supporting, means are useful primarily in establishing, the desired tilt on the seat when in the riding, position, and any means'for accomplishing this purpose may be employed.

To slide the seat forwardly or backwardly when either in the ridingpositi'on or reclining. position, the; handle F0. on the endlof," the rod 62 (see Fig. 4); is rotated against spring tension to disengage the pinsea, 66, etc... from the holes 68, 69 in the support straps 50, 5|. The seat I6 including the seat. cushion. and .the back cushion may then be slid fbrwardly or backwardl'y, the cams I4 'and I5 riding on the tracks 26, 25'respectively and the seat cushion mounting straps. 50, 5I riding on the rollers 46', 42 respectively. When the desired positioning of the seat is attained the handle T is released, the spring tensioncausin'g the pins to" fall into aligned holes in the straps, In

a. similar manner the opposite side of theseat comprising, the seat cushion I and the back cushion laimay be independently adjusted with respect to. its'long'itudinal position in the auto-- mobile.

The adjustment of the'seat to form a bed withthe automobile is most clearly shown in Fig. 3. In this procedure the seat assembly is slid forwardly as. described in the foregoing paragraph and" the cam latches 92, 96 associated with the cams I4, 15 respectively are released by pulling thejchain I03 in the manner above described. The back cushion I4 is then free to rotate to the horizontal position. As the cushion. rotates the cam and I5 rotate past theshoulders separating" the two curvilinear sections of the cams thereof; Rotation past this inset serves to lift the rear end or the seat cushion I6" into the plane r; the horizontally disposed back cushion [4- With referenc'etothe can! I5 (Fig; 3) rotaon the automobile floor. If desiredthe seat cushion of the back seat may be block'ed' so as to oontinuethe horizontal surface formed l oyiahe seat cushion- I6 and thebacl cushion- M otthe front seat. In a similar manner the cushions I3 and I 5? may be'ind'ependently adjusted to the horizontal position. I a

Referringnowto=Fig. 2; it will be observed that the cam I5 isprovided with a hole I40 adjacent its trailing edge B andabove the shoulder. The hole I serves as a secondary latch catch permitting the back cushion member Ilt'o'" be rotated to a point intermediate the vertical and horizontal positions. Rotation to this extent is.

accomplished on the edge 15C of the cant and thus does not interfere with the level of the sea-t cushion I6; Additional secondary latchand catch holes may be included toprovide addi tional adjustability'o'f the angle of inclination of the seat cushion I41 Similar means arefprovideo-with respect to' theback cushion I3L:

Ashereinbeiore' indicated, the seat construction of, the present invention is particularly adapted to use in. coupes and two door sedans when. it is necessary to gain access to the back seat through the front door. In automobile'sof this type it isnecessary that" the back cushion of'ith'e front seat be. free to pivot forwardlyto permit this access, It will be observed from Fig. 2 and from the foregoing description that the cam latches are all stati'onarily affixed to the rear" edge of the bottom member of the seat cushion and while the back rest cushionsare in the substantially vertical position they are free to rotate forwardly. Such rotationcauses the off-set 84 to rotate away from the latch. 93 to an extent. similarly'determined. by the impression of the back cushion into. the seat cushion. Counter-rotationof the back cushion isstopped. at the normal position by the latches projecting. into the paths ofthe respective cam non of the edge 15c which'is curved on radius about the pivot, point 86 has no effect on the elevation of the seat cushion I6 However, as the edge" I5B engages the track 15 the seat cushion I5. is elevated by an amount equal to the. depth of the shoulder 84 Inmaking the bed the open lugs; If I! and "I'I'B the seat cover IIG' are uh"- Zipped to' permit the legs; of" which the leg H4 is visible in'Fig. 3, to pivot downwardlyto" rest shoulders. V V

v To adapt the seat structure. of the invention to. those makes of automobiles. having a central longitudinal drive shaft housing (commonly referred. to as a torque tube). in the cab, is a comparatively simple matter. One means of performing. thisadaptation is illustrated: in the partial; rear elevation view of. Fig. '7'. I-ntthis figure; the. floor I50 of the automobile is seento'have a central drive shaft housing I52. "This housing- I52 is utilized to support the inner 'ends; of sep-: arate seat supporting frameworks- I54,: I55 which together produce a framework which is substantially identical to the framework I8 described with relation to the foregoing figures. Thus the framework I54 supports the horizontal longitudinally directed tracks I56, I51 on which cams I58; I59, depending from the back cushion IliIlv are free to travel in the manner above described. The-framework I55 is of similarconstruction.

Although the frameworks 154- and I55 are shown to be separate in the: embodiment illustrated in; Fig.- 7. such isnota necessary feature and, a framework such as the framework. (Fig; 1:) may be supported across the drive shaft housing I52 in the manner illustrated Fi 7-. Inthis type of: mounting the spacers or bushings such as the spacer I162 are selectedfwithirelatibn to the drive shaft housing so that. the frameworks F54 I55 will be supported: horizon.- tally above the framework of the automobile; Additionally it should be pointed. out: that even those cars having" afflat near as for example works for the two sides of the front seat'may be separable as illustrated in Fig. 7. In such case mounting bushing or spacer 29 (Fig. 1) may be employed to support the inner ends of the two separable frameworks.

The separability of the supporting framework has no bearing on the functioning of the seat either in the driving or reclining position but does permit the use of only one seat in the front portion of the automobile cab if so desired. The use of a single driving seat leaving the so-called passenger side of the front part of the cab vacant is of particular benefit to salesmen, cripples and the like. Thus the part normally occupied by that portion of the front seat used by a .passenger may form a convenient location for the storage of sample or merchandise or for the placement of a wheelchair making it possible for invalids to travel in their wheelchairs.

' Possibly a more important feature of the seat of the invention is the ability to independently adjust either side with respect to longitudinal placement in the automobile or angle of inclination of the back rest member. This independent adjustment is possible with either the unitary supporting framework I8 or the divided supporting framework I54, I55. Thus in the manner above described, either of the seats may be placed forwardly or backwardly in the automobile and either of the seats may be partially or completely inclined, in the latter case'making a bed half the width of the entire front seat. This independent operation of the seats is of particular advantage in long trips providing means whereby two people may spell each other driving and sleeping.

An alternative embodiment of the invention is shown in the partial rear elevation of Fig. 10 and in the plan view of Fig. 11 and in the sectional elevation of Fig. 12 which is taken on the line I2I2 of Fig. 10, and includes construction adaptable for use in conjunction with a torque tube as well as different placement of the cam runners. Referring to these figures the separate seat cushions I79 and III are supported on separate pairs of tracks mounted directly on the automobile fioor I15 (tracks I13 appearingin Fig. 10) and are beveled inwardly along their inner longitudinal edges to clear the torque tube I16 running longitudinally along the floor I15. This type of construction permits lower mounting of the seat structure than in the embodiment of Fig. 7.

' The back rest cushion I18 (and in like manner the back rest cushion I19) is recessed at I89 and I8I and separate cammed hinge or 'runners I93, I84 are fastened therein to angle plates I89, I81. One lip ISBA and IBIA of each of the plates is mounted to the back rest with the lip of each plate to which the hinges are attached extending forwardly into the recesses I89, NH. The inner lip I8IB of the plate I8! is shown in Fig. 12. As shown in the drawing each of the angle plates may be fastened to the back rest by twopairs of bolts. By using a different number of washers under the top and bottom pairs the angle of the backrest member can be determined. r

The seat cushion I19 (and in like manner the seat cushion IN) is slotted at' I88 and I89 (Fig. 11), the respective hinges I83, I84 riding in the slots. Angle plates I99, I9I aredisposed with their lips I99A and I9IA underlying the seat cushion and affixed thereto and lips i993 and I9IB extending upwardly along the inside faces of slots I89, I89 respectively. The hinges 8 I83, I84 are pivotally mounted to pintles I93. I94 extending from the lips I99B, I 9IB respectively and latches I96, I91, mounted on the seat cushion framework, are adapted to engage one of a plurality of peripheral holes I98, I99, 299 in the respective hinges.

The hinges I83, I84 difier from those shown in the foregoing embodiments in having a continuous curvilinear cammed edge and a series of spaced latch holes I98, I99, 299 equidistant from the pintle I94 when the hinge is mounted thereon. The periphery of the hinge is eccentric with respect to the pintle so as to exert an upward thrust thereon when rotated counterclockwise (as viewed in Fig. 12'). The latch bolts I96A, I 91A have beveled lower edges to permit forward rotation of the back rest (clockwise as viewed in Fig. 12) which is limited by a stop pin 292 extending from the lip I9IB of the angle member I 9| and a similar pin (not shown) extending from the lip I99B of the member I99. These stop pins serve the double purpose of also limiting the counter-clockwise rotation of the cams as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 12.

The type of cammed hinge described with relation to Figs. 10-12 gives, by virtue of the continuous curvilinear cammed edge, smooth operation and permits two or more intermediate reclining positions. This hinge is not limited to use in this particular embodiment of the invention and may be used in any of the foregoing embodiments interchangeably with the hinge there shown.

As shown in Fig. 11 the outer edge of the seat cushion may be tapered inwardly so as to conform to the contours of substantially any automobile in which it is placed. If desired a cloth skirt 294 either separate (as shown) or forming a part of a conventional seat cover may be used to cover the hinges and associated parts, substantially all of which are recessed into and enclosed by the seat and back rest cushions.

Many detailed structural variations may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the foregoing description and the following claims.

I claim:

1. In a vehicle seat including a framework adapted to be afiixed to the floor of the vehicle with a pair of spaced vehicle tracks running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle between front and rear cross members, a seat cushion, a back rest cushion, the combination comprising a pair of runners mounted to the undersurface of said seat cushion, a roller rotatably mounted in the front cross member in association with each of said runners, said runners being slidably supported by the rollers, a separate cam pivotally mounted at each side of the seat cushion and adjacent the rear edge thereof, each cam having a curvilinear edge slidable on one of said tracks and an elongated projection, the back rest cushion being afiixed at each of its opposite sides to the elongated projecton on one of said cams, and catch means for releasably preventing, the elongated projections of said cams from rotating toward the rear of the vehicle. i

.2. A vehicle seat comprising a frame work adapted to be afiixed to the floor of the vehicle and including front and rear cross members, two spaced horizontal tracks running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle between the front and rear cross members, a strap mounted horizontally across the forward end of the tracks, a

seat cushion, a pair of runners supporting the seat cushion in a substantially horizontal position, a roller rotatably mounted to the strap in line with each of said runners, said runners being slidably supported by the rollers, a separate cam pivotally mounted at each side of the seat cushion and adjacent to the rear edge, each cam having a cammed edge slidable on one of said tracks and an elongated projection, a back rest cushion affixed to and between the elongated projections of the cams, and catch means releasably preventing the elongated projections of said cams from rotating towards the rear of the vehicle.

3. A vehicle seat comprising a framework adapted to be affixed to the floor of the vehicle and.

and adjacent the rear edges thereof, each cam having a cammed edge slidable on one of said tracks and an elongated projection, a back rest cushion aflixed at each side 'to the, elongated projection on one of said cams, and catch means associated with each cam for releasably preventing the elongated projections of said cams from rotating towards the rear of the vehicle, the catch means associated with the cams being interconnected to permit simultaneous operation thereof.

4. ma vehicle seat including spaced horizontal tracks parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, a seat cushion, runners supporting the seat cushion at its forward edge above the tracks, the seat cushion having a pair of spaced recesses in its rear edge in vertical alignment with the tracks, two vertically disposed hinges pivotally mounted to the seat cushion in separate ones of said recesses, each hinge having a lower cammed edge slidably engaged with one of the tracks and an elongated projection at the opposite end, a back rest cushion having a pair of spaced recesses in its lower edge alignable with the recesses in the seat cushion, the elongated projections on the hinges being rigidly fastened to the back rest cushions in the recesses, and catch means for releasably preventing the elongated projections of said hinges from rotating about their cammed edges toward the back of the vehicle.

5. A vehicle seat according to claim 4 wherein the cammed edge of each hinge comprises a continuous curvilinear edge eccentric with respect to the pivot point of the hinge, and the hinge is provided with a plurality of spaced transverse holes adjacent the cammed edge and equidistant from the pivot point, the catch means being adapted to releasably engage in alternate ones of said holes brought into alignment therewith by rotation of the hinge.

6. A vehicle seat comprising a framework adapted to be afi'lxed to the floor of the vehicle and including front and rear cross members, two spaced horizontal tracks running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle between the front and rear cross members, a seat cushion, a pair of runners supporting the seat cushion at its forward edge above the track, a roller rotatably mounted to the front cross member in association with each of said runners, said runners being slidably supported by the rollers, means for releasably lockingthe runners to prevent longitudinal displacement thereof, a separate cam pivotally mounted at each side of the seat cushion and adjacent the rear edge thereof, each cam having a cammed edge supported on one of said tracks and an elongated projection, a back rest cushion affixed at each side to the elongated projection on one of the cams and catch means associated with each cam for releasably preventing the elongated projections of said cams from rotating toward the rear of the vehicle.

7. Apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the means for releasably locking the runners comprises a transverse rotatably mounted shaft extending above the runners and holding the runners against the rollers, a separate depending pin mounted to the shaft in juxtaposition to each of the runners and adapted toengage in one of a plurality of longitudinally spaced holes in the runner and means at the end of the shaft for rotating the shaft to disengage the pins from the runners.

WILLIS R. BATTLES.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,658,408 Lathrop Feb. 7, 1928 1,799,870 Seaman Apr. 7, 1931 1,838,199 Thomas Dec. 29, 1931 1,981,212 Zeller Nov. 20, 1934 2,094,410 Bedding Sept. 28, 1937 2,286,784 Benzick et al June 16, 1942 2,304,199 Pinnow Dec. 8, 1942 2,324,902 Benzick et al July 20, 1943 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 449,677 Great Britain July 1, 1936 

